利用光学显微镜探讨了加热温度对耐火钢组织的影响，尤其是对钢中马氏体的影响，分析了马氏体在耐火钢中的作用。通过回火处理，研究了回火温度对微观组织的影响，利用透射电镜研究了回火前后钢中析出相的变化情况。结果表明：耐火钢的组织是由铁素体、贝氏体和马氏体组成；随加热温度的升高，马氏体含量先增后减，当加热温度达到770℃时，马氏体含量达到最大值；随回火温度升高，马氏体含量减少，析出相增多，并变的细小；析出相主要是Nb和Ti的碳化物。
Effects of heating temperature on microstructure of a fire-resistant (FR) steel were studied by means of OM. The heat-treated steel was tempered at different temperatures to examine the effects of tempering-temperature on the FR steel mierostructure by TEM and EDS analysis. The results show that microstructure of the FR steel is composed of ferrite, bainite and matensite after heating at different temperatures and then air cooling. As the heating temperature increases, the martensite amount first is increased and then decreased. The martensite amount reaches the maximum value at heating temperature of 770 ℃. With the increase of tempering temperature, the martensite amount decreases, and the precipitate phase increases and is refined; the precipitated phases in the steel are mainly Nb and Ti carbides.
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