电活性聚合物(EAP)在外电场作用下变形大且物性与动物肌肉类似,在需要轻型、微型、柔性及仿生机器驱动和传感的领域具有极大的应用潜力,形成了一个崭新的多学科交叉研究领域.绝缘弹胶物(DE)是EAP的一种,本文综合介绍绝缘弹胶物在电场驱动下响应的基本原理和特性,介绍可能的应用领域,介绍JPL和SRI等几大主要的研究机构的研究方向、研究现状和研究成果,如直线驱动器、弯曲辊二自由度驱动器、微型六腿机器人、泵、阀门、螺旋及叠片式驱动器和MEMS等,最后总结了目前存在的问题和未来的研究趋势.
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