利用透射电镜(TEM)对氮含量为0.66%和1.2%的高氮奥氏体不锈钢的冷变形微观结构进行了对比研究.结果表明,氮含量的增加提高了材料的层错能,强烈促进位错的平面滑移.冷变形过程中不断形成机械孪晶,机械孪晶随变形量的增加而减小,在60%变形量时只有几百纳米长.运用扩展位错和短程有序理论对氮的作用机理的分析表明,氮合金化引起的短程有序是促进位错平面滑移、提高材料加工硬化能力的主要因素,低层错能引起的位错扩展也有重要作用.
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