采用低温垂直沉积法制备了聚苯乙烯（PS）胶体模板,由于低温下粒子热运动受到抑制,排列时发生位错,因此模板中存在大面积四方排列结构。然后采用化学镀法、溶胶-凝胶法在PS微球表面依次沉积银纳米粒子、纳米TiO2,最后高温煅烧除去模板制备了四方排列有序Ag/TiO2空心微球。通过扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）对样品进行表征。结果表明这种材料很好地保持了模板的四方排列,具有高度有序的纳米结构。选择降解甲基橙溶液来检验样品的光催化性能,并与纳米TiO2薄膜、四方排列TiO2空心微球的光催化性能进行比较,结果表明四方排列Ag/TiO2空心微球具有最佳的光催化性能。这是有序空心纳米结构和银纳米粒子的沉积共同作用的结果。
At low temperature,colloidal crystal template was prepared by one-substrate vertical deposition.In the formed colloidal crystal,large areas of square array were observed,because thermal motion of particles was inhibited at low temperature and dislocation was happened.Subsequently,Ag nanoparticles and titania were deposited one by one on the PS spheres by an electroless plating method and sol-gel technology.Finally the sample was calcined to remove the colloidal crystal template and the ordered hollow Ag/TiO2 spheres with square array were successfully prepared.The sample was characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.The results show that the sample clearly retains its original square array of the colloidal crystal template and possesses highly ordered nanostructure.We chose photodegradation of methyl orange to evaluate the photocatalytic ability of square ordered hollow Ag/TiO2 spheres.For comparison,we also evaluated the photocatalytic activity of flat TiO2 film and square ordered hollow TiO2 spheres.The results show that the as-prepared ordered hollow Ag/TiO2 sphere exhibits the most efficient photocatalytic activity.The long-range ordering porosity and the addition of Ag nanoparticles are the main factors leading to the improved photocatalytic activity.
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