以乙醇为反应介质通过溶剂热法合成了氧化锫纳米粉体.采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)等测试技术,考察了制备过程中沉淀剂及表面活性剂种类对产物相组成及结构的影响.XRD结果表明沉淀剂种类对产物相形成的有显著影响.采用NaOH与KOH为沉淀剂,经180℃热处理3 h所制备产物分别为单一四方相及单斜与四方混合相,晶型发育较好;以氨水沉淀剂制备的样品则为无定形相与四方相的混合物.TEM测试结果表明,以NaOH和氨水作为沉淀剂制备的样品较KOH所制备样品具有较好的分散效果.采用KOH作为沉淀剂,改变表面活性剂种类时,产物均由单斜相及少量四方相混合组成.
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