利用模拟海洋大气环境的加速腐蚀实验,对比研究了两种结构钢(低碳铁素体钢和耐候钢09CuPCrNi)朝天面与朝地面的腐蚀行为及相应锈层,结果表明两种结构钢的朝地面均比朝天面腐蚀严重.电化学阻抗谱(EIS)结果表明朝天面锈层对氯离子的阻碍能力高于朝地面锈层,X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明朝天面锈层中X射线无定形锈含量高于朝地面锈层,N2吸附结果表明朝天面锈层比朝地面锈层致密.两面腐蚀条件的差异造成了两面锈层相组成和致密度的不同,从而导致相应锈层保护性能的区别.提出锈层孔隙模型,解释了锈层保护性能差异的原因是锈层干/湿交替频率的不同.
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