通过亲核取代反应,将有机膦化合物固定于氯化橡胶基体中,制得具有良好杀菌效果的高分子三苯基季鏻盐、高分子三丁基季鏻盐抗菌剂.通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱/磷谱、电感偶合等离子体发射光谱等对所制得产物的结构和性能进行表征,结合正交设计法,对抗菌剂制备条件进行了优化.同时,对制得抗菌剂的抗菌性能及抗菌机理进行评价和探究.结果表明,2种抗菌剂均具有优良的抗菌活性,其抗菌机理为杀灭细菌.氯化三苯基鏻橡胶的最佳合成条件为反应物的质量比1:1,回流反应温度80℃,反应时间16 h;氯化三丁基鏻橡胶最佳合成条件为反应物的质量比1∶1,回流反应温度25℃,反应时间8 h.
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