文中介绍了各种多孔聚合物微球的制备方法及其成孔机理.多孔聚合物微球可分为微米级和亚微米级两大类.微米级多孔球多为开孔结构,常采用悬浮聚合法和聚合物种子溶胀法来制备,聚合物种子溶胀法又可分为一步溶胀法、两步溶胀法和动力学溶胀法.其中悬浮聚合法工艺简单、环境污染小、生产成本低,但所得微球粒径单分散性不好;近年来对种子溶胀法研究的较多,可以制备粒径单分散开孔聚合物微球.亚微米级多为闭孔结构,可通过碱酸分段处理法、碱冷却处理法和碱后处理法制得.
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