亲水基团对有机和炭气凝胶孔结构的影响

新型炭材料, 2009, 24(3): 237-242.

亲水基团对有机和炭气凝胶孔结构的影响

张睿 ^1, , 李雯 ^2, , 胡子君 ^3, , 张琢 ^4, , 陈锟 ^5, , 许春华 ^6, , 钱惠春 ^7,

1.上海应用技术学院,材料科学与工程学院,上海,200235

2.华东理工大学化学与分子工程学院,上海,200237

3.航天材料丁艺研究所,北京,100076

4.上海应用技术学院,材料科学与工程学院,上海,200235

5.上海应用技术学院,材料科学与工程学院,上海,200235

6.上海应用技术学院,材料科学与工程学院,上海,200235

7.上海应用技术学院,材料科学与工程学院,上海,200235

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(50872033) 国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划)(2006CB600907) 国家科技支撑计划(2007BAE55B03)

关键词：溶胶-凝胶 , 有机气凝胶 , 炭气凝胶 , 裂解 , 孔

Effect of hydrophilic groups in the polymer matrix on the porosity of organic and carbon aerogeis produced from melamine,phenolic resole and formaldehyde

热固型酚醛树脂、三聚氰胺、间甲酚和甲醛水溶液在碳酸钠催化下,通过溶液-溶胶-凝胶过程合成有机水凝胶,有机水凝胶经溶剂置换、超临界干燥和裂解形成了有机气凝胶和炭气凝胶.在固定酚醛树脂浓度、间甲酚/酚醛树脂、甲醛/三聚氰胺、碳酸钠/酚醛树脂比值,改变三聚氰胺/酚醛树脂比值的条件下,研究了亲水基团对有机气凝胶和炭气凝胶孔结构的影响.结果表明:亲水性的三聚氰胺可增加分子间作用力,有利于凝胶的稳定;但增加三聚氰胺会加大有机气凝胶裂解过程中的质量损失,不利于凝胶的稳定.二种因素协同作用决定着炭气凝胶的孔结构、孔容和比表面.

参考文献

[1]	孟庆函 .双电层电容器电极材料的制备及电化学性能研究[D].中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,2002.
[2]	Tran T D;Lenz D .Materials for electrochemical energy strorage and conversion-Ⅱ batteries,capacitors and fuel cells[J].Res Soc Symp Proc,1998,496:607-632.
[3]	Pekala R W .Organic aerogels from the polycondensation of resorcinol with formaldehyde[J].Journal of Materials Science,1989,24:3221-3227.
[4]	Pekala R W;Schaefer D W .Structure of organic aerogels.1.morphology and scaling[J].Macromolecules,1993,26(20):5487-5493.
[5]	Pekala R W;Alviso C T;Kong F M et al.Aerogels derived from multifunctional organic monomers[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,1992,145:90-98.
[6]	Biesmans G.;Francais E.;Perrut M.;Randall D. .Polyurethane-based organic aerogels' thermal performance[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids: A Journal Devoted to Oxide, Halide, Chalcogenide and Metallic Glasses, Amorphous Semiconductors, Non-Crystalline Films, Glass-Ceramics and Glassy Composites,1998(1):36-40.
[7]	J.Yamashita;T.Hirano;M.Shioya .Development of mesopores during activation of poly(vinylidene fluoride)-based carbon[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2002(9):1541-1548.
[8]	Rui Zhang;Yonggen Lu;Liang Zhan .Monolithic carbon aerogels from sol-gel polymerization of phenolic resoles and methylolated melamine[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2003(8):1660-1663.
[9]	Zhang R;Liang X Y;Wu G P et al.Effect of hydrophobic group in polymer matrix on meso-and macroporosity of organic and carbon aerogels from phenolic resole and methylolated melamine[J].Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,2003,62(1-2):17-27.
[10]	张睿,徐耀,吕永根,李志宏,孟庆函,李开喜,吴东,凌立成,王俊,赵辉,荣利霞,董宝中.小角X射线散射研究制备炭气凝胶过程中凝胶的微结构演化[J].新型炭材料,2002(03):31-36.
[11]	Gregg S J;Sing K S W.Adsorption,Surface Area and Porosity[M].London,UK:Academic Press,1982

上一张下一张

计量

下载量()
访问量()

作者相关

文章评分

您的评分：
1

0%
2

0%
3

0%
4

0%
5

0%

材料期刊网