采用拉伸与疲劳试验、扫描电子显微分析与透射电子显微分析,研究不同热机械处理条件下2E12铝合金的拉伸力学性能、疲劳性能以及显微组织结构.结果表明:采用本热机械处理可以使2E12合金同时获得高强度与高塑性,在屈服强度达到453.1 MPa、抗拉强度高达546.9 MPa的同时,伸长率仍然保持在16.5％.当应力比R=0.1,加载频率f=10 Hz,应力强度因子△K=10 MPa·m-1/2时,热机械处理样品裂纹扩展速率约为6.74×10-5mm/cycle,优于T3状态下的8.35×10-5 mm/cycle.显微组织观测结果表明:采取本新型热机械处理后,合金中位错密度较高且相互缠结,形成胞状组织.新型热机械处理大幅改善合金综合性能的机制是高密度位错胞状组织、溶质原子团簇及空位复合体、GPB区等复合组织结构的协同作用.
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