研究了铸造Pr_(19)Fe_(74.5)B_5Cu_(1.5)磁体的热压变形过程,结果表明,无论经受何种变形方式,磁体易轴[001]总是沿压缩变形方向取向排列,随着热压变形的进行,磁体发生Pr_2Fe_(14)B主相晶粒的碎化和晶粒间相对滑动和转动,以及富Pr液相被挤出,最终形成细小、致密的取向组织,磁性能提高到B_r=990mT,i_H_c=880kA/m和(BH)_m=191kJ/m~3矫顽力的提高归因于主相晶粒碎化和富Pr相在晶间均匀连续分布,剩磁的提高则主要由已碎化晶粒在变形中相对滑动和转动所形成的易轴取向排列以及主相晶粒的致密化贡献,变形充分而缓慢应是获得较强易轴取向和较高磁性能的重要条件。
Whatever the cast Pr_(19)Fe_(74.5)B_5Cu_(1.5) magnet deforms in various processes, itseasy-axes are aligned parallel to the compressive strain direction. During hot deformation, thecrushing of Pr_2Fe_(14)B matrix grains, the relative slip and rotation between the grains and thesqueezing out of Pr--rich melt of the magnet take place. Then a fine, dense and well--alignedmicrostructure may be formed in the fully deformed magnets with improved properties, B_r=990mT, _iH_c=880 kA / m and (BH)m=191 kJ / m~3. The increase of coercivity is attributed to thefine Pr_2Fe_(14)B grains and the thin Pr--rich phase layer continuously distributed at the grainbounbaries. The increasing remanence is resulted primarily from the development of theeasy--axis alignment as well as from the densification of the Pr_2Fe_(14)B matrix. The easy--axisalignment is developed by the relative slip and rotation of the crushed Pr_2Fe_(14)B grains. A fulland slow hot deformation is necessary for a good easy--axis alignment and high magnetic prop-erties.
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