以不同摩尔比的Zn-Sb合金为原料,采用加热蒸发氧化-冷凝的方法在相同的试验条件下获得了纯的和Sb掺杂的ZnO纳米颗粒.纳米颗粒的形貌、结构和化学状态分别通过TEM、HRTEM、XRD和XPS进行了表征.通过TEM观察发现:随原料中Sb量的增加,颗粒形貌由纯ZnO的四针状纳米晶须逐渐变化为棒状、四方形和六方形的颗粒状.六方形纳米颗粒的HRTEM分析表明:颗粒是结晶完好的纤锌矿结构的单晶,(1100)晶面间距比文献报道的纯ZnO的数值大.XRD没有检测到Sb掺杂ZnO纳米颗粒除ZnO外的其它物相,但XPS分析确定了Sb元素存在于纳米颗粒中.讨论了四针状纳米ZnO的形成及Sb的存在对颗粒形态的影响.
Pure and Sb-doped ZnO nanoparticles were obtained by vapor-phase oxidation from Zn-Sb
alloy with different mole ratios as the raw material at the same experimental condition. The morphology, structure and chemical
state were investigated by TEM, XRD, HRTEM and XPS. With an increase in content of Sb in raw materials, the shape of nanoparticles varying
from tetrapod-shaped whisker, rod-liked, quadrangle to hexagon was observed by TEM. HRTEM image of the regularly hexagonal nanoparticles
indicates the distance between (1100) planes neighbouring in the Sb-doped ZnO nanoparticles with wurtzite structure is larger than that of the undoped
ZnO nanoparticles reported in literature. The XPS result clearly shows that Sb element has been doped into the ZnO nanoparticles, although the
XRD patterns of the as-synthesized nanoparticles reveal that there is not second phase except ZnO. The forming mechanism of tetrapod-shaped ZnO
nanoparticles and the effects of Sb on morphology of nanoparticles were discussed.
参考文献
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