采用区熔定向凝固方法, 在30---720 mm/h生长速度范围内, 均能获得<110>轴向择优取向生长的Tb--Dy--Fe合金; 凝固形态随生长速度提高出现从平面晶到胞状晶、树枝晶转变; 低速生长(30 mm/h) 的样品磁致伸缩性能没有压力效应, 高速生长(>120 mm/h)的样品磁致伸缩性能具有明显的压力效应. 低生长速度时<110>取向样品按双{111}系孪晶生长, 高生长速度时按单{111}系孪晶生长,由此计算样品的磁致伸缩性能与实验结果基本吻合. 在更高生长速 度下(900 mm/h)获得沿<112>轴向高度择优取向的样品,其磁致伸缩性能与高生长速度<110>取向样品性能相当,具有明显的压力效应.
The directionally solidified Tb--Dy--Fe magnetostrictive alloys with <110> orientation were prepared in a velocity range from 30 to 720 mm/h, and the solidified morphologies change from planar, cellular to dendritic with increasing growth velocity. An obvious magnetostriction jump effect was observed in the sample with high growth velocity (>120 mm/h). Two kinds of twin growth mode, single--{111} and two--{111}--twin system were observed. The measured magnetostrictions of the samples are basically consistent with the calculated values by the above two twin growth mechanisms. As a comparison, the magnetostriction of <112> oriented crystals prepared with v=900 mm/h is corresponding to the <110> oriented crystals prepared with high growth velocities.
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