采用同步辐射小角X射线散射研究了PAN原丝制备过程中纤维轧结构的演变.结果表明,在水洗工艺中,纤维孔隙较多、较大,孔径分布较宽,近似圆形;在热水牵伸工艺中,纤维孔隙仍较多、较大,孔径分布较宽,近似椭圆形,长轴约17 nm-21 nm.短轴约4 nm～11nm;在干燥致密化工艺中,孔隙急剧减少、减小,孔径分布较窄,沿纤维轴向约7nm～9nm,垂直纤维轴向约2 nm;经过蒸汽牵伸,孔隙又增多、增大,孔径分布变宽,孔隙沿纤维轴向被牵伸得很长,近似梭形;但是随后的松弛热定型又使孔隙减小,孔径分布变窄.
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