近年来,由于低成本和高效率的优势,铸造多晶硅成为最主要的光伏材料之一.现在,其铸造工艺相对成熟:对材料的缺陷和杂质的研究日趋深化;吸杂、钝化及表面织构化等技术的应用显著地改善了材料的电学和光学性能.实验室水平上,用铸造多晶硅材料制成的太阳电池的转换效率高达18.6%.本文详细阐述了铸造多晶硅材料的研究现状和存在的问题,展望今后的发展方向.
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