采用显微维氏硬度计,X射线衍射仪,扫描电镜和电子探针技术,研究试验用牙科低金含量银钯合金的时效强化行为及机制.经900℃固溶处理30min后的合金试样分别在400和600℃进行恒温热处理.结果表明,在400℃恒温热处理的合金硬度随时效时间的延长单调升高.而在600℃恒温热处理的合金维氏硬度迅速提高并在时效处理2min时达到最大值,之后随时间的延长而单调下降并保持在1600-1700MPa.XRD结果表明,经时效处理后,2组样本均有明显的沉积相出现.扫描电镜和电子探针结果显示,在600℃时效处理2min的样品有沉积颗粒出现.然而,时间-半高宽曲线却表明时效处理后合金硬度的提高与相变产生的应变有关,故而不能认为400℃恒温热处理时产生的相变能提高合金硬度.
The age-hardening behavior and the mechanism of an experimental low gold content casting Ag-Pd alloy were studied by means of hardness test, XRD, SEM and EPMA, The results show that the hardness of specimens isothermal-aged at 400 ℃ after solution treated at 900 ℃ for 30 min increases unidirectionally from 1540 MPa to 3160 MPa with the prolongation of time. However,the hardness of the specimens isothermal-aged at 600 ℃ after solution treated at 900 ℃ for 30 min increases quickly and reaches the maximun 2870 MPa at 2 min aging time. Then the hardness decreases unidirectionally and remains at 1600-1700 MPa from 10 to 50 min aging time. Obvious precipitation takes place in the specimens isothermal-aged at 400 and 600 ℃ revealed by XRD. By SEM and EPMA, the precipitation particles can be seen in the specimens aged at 600 ℃ for 2 min after solution treated at 900 ℃ for 30 min. However, the time-FWMH curve shows that the increase of hardness after isothermal-aging is closely related with coherencystain from phase transformation. It is hard to define whether the phase transformation at 400 ℃ makes a contribution to the change of hardness.
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