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本文讨论了物理宽化β分离嵌镶块尺寸D和点阵畸变ε引起宽化m和n时传统方法的困难;引入不变参数K~*后,发现作为K~*的函数,M和N具有参数r和s的不变性,提出测算D和ε的不变参数法。此法不仅简化了传统的法的计算,也解决了复杂的Cauchy-Gauss等几种还未解决过的算法。所给出的以K~*作为参数的M_1和N_1的图解曲线和直接计算公式,使得β分离为m和n变得十分容易。这些图表和公式不论是用于手工离线计算还是用于X射线衍射仪和计算机在线计算均十分有效。

The difficulties of the conventional method of resolution of the physical broadening into broadening components m and n caused by the mosaic size and lattice microdistortion respectively have been discussed. With the aid of an invariable parameter K~*, the invariability of M and N related to parameters r and s respectively was found as function of K~*, thus, the invariable parameter method for calculating the mosaic size and microdistortion was proposed. This method may be not only simplified the calculation by the conventional Rezak method but also overcome the complexity of not yet solved Cauchy square and other five methods. The diagram and formula of M_1 and N_1 given as a function of K~* would ease tc resolve the physical broadening into m and n. It seems to be quite available for on-line or off-line calculation.