研究了初始pH值、萃取剂浓度、萃取剂类型、稀释剂类型、平衡时间和料液预处理方式等因素对界面乳化物形成行为的影响,采用扫描电镜、X射线能谱仪及X射线衍射等手段分析了界面乳化物中固体微粒的组成.结果表明:能够最大程度避免界面乳化物生成的工艺条件为初始pH值4～6,以萃取剂为LK-N21且萃取剂浓度15%(体积分数),稀释剂为正己烷,萃取时间5 min;采用0.22 μm的滤膜对料液过滤两次再萃取,不出现界面乳化物;界面乳化物的形成机制可能为在震荡混合萃取过程中,料液中的二氧化硅胶体等不溶性物质,在乳化液滴表面形成致密的固体膜,稳定了乳化液;可溶性无机盐在乳化液界面结晶出来,进一步稳定了乳化液,形成比较稳定的界面乳化物.
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