以ZrH_2为发泡剂,采用熔体发泡法制备铝基小孔径泡沫铝,分析其制备过程及影响孔结构的因素;优化实验室制备泡沫铝的工艺条件;借助图形分析方法表征泡沫铝的孔径分布,并与TiH_2制备的泡沫铝进行了对比;采用改进座滴装置研究铝合金与氢化物的润湿行为.结果表明:ZrH_2较适合制备小孔径泡沫铝;优化工艺条件为:Al 650 g,增粘剂Ca 的加入量2.5%,发泡剂ZrH_2的加入量1.0%,发泡温度680 ℃,搅拌时间1.5 min,保温时间2.5 min;制备的泡沫铝孔径均匀,平均孔径小于1.5 mm;ZrH_2在铝合金中的润湿特点是导致泡沫铝孔径较小的主要原因.
Foam aluminum with small pore diameters was prepared by the melt-based route using ZrH_2 as foaming agent. The relationship between the foaming process parameters and the cell structures of foam aluminum was studied. The foaming process conditions were optimized. The pore diameter distribution of the foam aluminum was characterized by the graphical analysis method and the foaming agent TiH_2 was commonly used for the comparison. The improved sessile drop device was used to research the wetting behaviors of Al alloy on the surface of hydride. The results indicate that the foaming agent ZrH_2 is suitable for preparation of the small pore diameter foam aluminum and the optimized process conditions are obtained (650 g of Al; addition of Ca 2.5%; ZrH_2 1.0%; temperature 680 ℃; stirring time 1.5 min; holding time 2.5 min). The average pore diameter is uniform and below 1.5 mm. The wetting behaviors are the main factor of influencing the pore diameter.
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