利用电沉积方法在45钢上制得Ni-SiO2纳米复合镀层,研究了镀液中纳米SiO2的浓度对镀层表面形貌和性能的影响；用投影覆盖法计算镀层表面分形维数,并考察分形维数与镀层显微硬度的关系.结果表明,纳米SiO2的质量浓度为5g/L时,镀层的显微硬度最高；镀层的表面分形维数介于2.7～2.9之间,相关系数在0.9以上,分形维数与显微硬度成负相关关系,进一步说明了用表面分形维数定量表征镀层显微硬度的可行性.
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