采用粉末冶金方法制备多孔钛样品,孔隙率约为40%,最大孔径为240 μm.经过NaOH溶液、热处理后,多孔钛再在Na2HPO4溶液和饱和Ca(OH)2溶液中分别浸泡进行预钙化处理.未经预钙化处理的样品在SBF中浸泡,形成表面磷灰石涂层约需28 d的时间.经过预钙化的样品在SBF中浸泡只需4 d,这说明预钙化过程大大提高了多孔钛的生物活性.其作用机理为:预钙化过程中样品表面的钛酸钠水解,形成带负电的Ti-OH基团,使Ca2+离子吸附到表面.在SBF中浸泡时,表面附近在短时间内达到钙-磷过饱和.且Ca2+离子增大表面附近的pH值,Ca2+离子和PO43-离子、OH-离子的活度积增大,刺激了磷灰石成核并形成涂层.除碱热处理并预钙化的样品外,其余样品表面磷灰石的Ca/P原子比均小于人体自然骨的Ca/P原子比.涂层的结晶细小而薄,不破坏多孔钛的孔隙结构.
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