通过膨润土、沸石和赤泥三种材料的单层衬里土柱试验,对比研究了渗透前后衬里材料物相变化和渗透滤液的成分变化,探讨了三种天然矿物材料用作垃圾填埋场衬里的防渗及衰减有害有机物的机理,为用三种矿物材料构建复合矿物衬里提供重要借鉴.结果表明,膨润土主要依靠吸水膨胀性及吸附性降低渗透系数和衰减有害物质;沸石复杂的孔道结构决定了其良好的衰减有害物质能力;渗透后赤泥中方解石和文石含量增加,强度增大,确保衬里结构完整,Fe~(3+)被有机物还原有利于增强衰减能力.
Column tests of bentonite, zeolite and red mud liners were conducted. Based on the analysis and comparison of the phase components of bentonite, zeolite and red mud liners and the composition of the leachate pre and post permeation, the antipermeation and attenuation mechanism of bentonite, zeolite and red mud liners for garbage landfill was discussed, which providing reference for the construction of multilayer liners of bentonite, zeolite and red mud. The results indcated that the permeability and attenuation capability of bentonite depent on its water absorption and adsorbability. Complicated channel structure of zeolite made it have good ability of attenuation. Calcite and aragonite in red mud increased after permeation, and the strength increase, which ensured the integrity of liner. Attenuation also enhanced after Fe~(3+) reduced by organic compounds.
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