以环氧树脂为基体,不同粒径空心玻璃微球为填充体,制备了轻质高强复合泡沫塑料.通过单轴准静态压缩试验研究了空心微球的粒径大小对复合泡沫塑料的抗压性能的影响,并采用SEM对复合泡沫塑料的微观结构进行观测.通过随机空间分布法建立了空心玻璃微球/环氧树脂复合泡沫塑料的实体模型,并且使用有限元分析软件对复合泡沫塑料在1 kPa载荷下的应力分布进行了分析.结果表明,在相同体积含量下,当空心微球的粒径从30μm增大到120 μm时,复合泡沫塑料的抗压强度无明显变化.有限元分析的结果表明,在复合泡沫塑料中主要承载部分为空心微球,空心微球上的应力大于树脂基体上的应力.最大应力分布在空心微球的内壁,结合SEM图像可推测,空心微球在破裂之前受到充分的挤压,并且从内壁产生裂纹.
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