富氧条件下分别以含氧有机物甲醇、乙醇、乙醛和乙酸等为还原剂,考察了Ag/Al2O3对NOx选择性催化还原的活性.结果表明,当银负载量为4%时,催化剂具有最高的催化活性.在整个实验温度范围内,乙醇较丙烯具有更高的还原NOx的活性,且操作温度范围更宽(300～610℃),NOx脱除率可高达90%,更加适合柴油机尾气中NOx的净化.添加10%的水可提高乙醇还原NOx的低温活性.随着乙醇浓度的增加,NOx转化率显著提高.在相同的浓度下,甲醇和乙酸还原脱除NOx的效率较低;而乙醛还原脱除NOx的效率与乙醇相当.原位红外光谱研究结果表明,反应过程中生成大量吸附态的烯醇式物种(CH2∶CHO-)是乙醇和乙醛呈现较高还原活性的主要原因.
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