水滑石是一种层状双羟基阴离子粘土,由金属离子与6个羟基构成的八面体共边组成,是一类具有层状结构的新型无机材料,其八面体层状结构中部分M2+被M3+同晶取代而使层板带正电荷,层间充填的阴离子起平衡电荷作用.此结构决定了水滑石具有碱性、层板上阳离子可调配性、层间阴离子可交换性三大特性,可作为酯交换和氧化还原催化剂以及催化荆载体,广泛应用于吸附、离子交换、合成材料、日用化工、催化、超导以及环境保护等方面.综述了纳米水滑石的特性、制备方法及应用,为实现纳米水滑石的产业化低成本生产及应用奠定了基础.
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