π配体催化剂与离子液体体系相结合有助于解决反应效率、产物分离和催化剂循环等一系列均相催化体系不易解决的难题. 近几年相关的研究逐渐深入,由简单地使用离子液体作为π配体催化反应的介质向利用离子液体自身结构的方向发展,相继出现了几类不同的研究思路. 例如,利用π配体催化剂与离子液体形成络合物,使用离子型π配体改善催化剂在离子液体中的溶解性,以及合成功能化阳离子或功能化阴离子的π配体离子液体. 本文结合这几类离子液体化学键联π配体(简称π配体离子液体)的研究进展,从离子液体功能化设计的角度探讨了π配体离子液体的合成思路,为设计具有更好催化性能的功能化离子液体体系提供借鉴.
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