采用真空熔炼法制备Fe-20Mn-3.0Cu-XC系高强度高塑性合金钢,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、光学显微镜(OM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察方法研究了碳含量对该系列合金微观组织和力学性能的影响,分析了合金的拉伸变形微观机制.结果表明:Fe-20Mn-3.0Cu-XC系合金拉伸变形前后均为单相奥氏体组织,未发生马氏体相变.随着碳质量分数的增加,合金的屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率均显著提高.Fe-20Mn-3.0Cu-1.41C合金的屈服强度为501.62 MPa,抗拉强度为1 178.4 MPa,具有优异的综合力学性能.Fe-20Mn-3.0Cu-XC系合金具有优异的应变硬化能力.随着碳质量分数增大至1.41％,最大应变硬化指数n值达到0.782.Fe-20Mn-3.0Cu-XC系合金拉伸变形过程中,TWIP效应是主要的塑性变形机制,大量位错的塞积、形变孪晶的形成以及位错与孪晶间的交互作用共同引起材料强度和塑性的提高.
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