有限元法是应用于金属塑性成形数值模拟中的一种有效的数值计算方法.详细介绍了弹塑性、刚塑性、粘塑性3种有限元法.刚塑性有限元法适用于大塑性变形,包括板带、型钢轧制和环件轧制的模拟分析等.弹塑性有限元法在金属塑性成形数值模拟中应用最广.与刚塑性方法相比,弹塑性有限元法还能有效处理卸载问题,计算残余应力和应变.而粘塑性有限元法适用于金属热变形或强化不显著的软金属变形.同时,结合国内外最新的具体实例说明了这些方法在金属塑性成形领域中的具体应用,展望了有限元方法在金属塑性成形中的发展.
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