采用固相剪切碾磨方法成功制备了聚氯乙烯（PVC）-高岭土复合粉体,实现了高岭土的片层剥离和在PVC基体中的纳米分散及对PVC的同步增强增韧。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）表征了PVC-高岭土纳米复合材料的结构,研究了其力学性能。结果表明,30次碾磨,高岭土的特征衍射峰几乎消失,高岭土以约30 nm片层厚度均匀分散于PVC基体,径厚比超过10。与简单填充复合方法相比,固相剪切碾磨技术制备的PVC/高岭土纳米复合材料的力学性能有较大提高。在高岭土质量分数为4%时,断裂伸长率由87.3%提高到274.6%,提高了214.7%;拉伸强度由47.7 MPa提高到54.0 MPa。
Solid state shear compounding technology（S3C） based on pan-milling is an effective method to prepare polymer/layered mineral composites with nano intercalating structure.The PVC/ kaolin nanocomposites were successfully prepared by S3C at ambient temperature The structure and properties of PVC/Kaolin nanocomposites prepared were investigated by XRD,SEM,TEM and mechanical tests.The results show that the mechanical properties of PVC/Kaolin nanocomposites prepared through S3C based on pan-milling 30 cycles are remarkably improved compared with conventional filled composites.The elongation of PVC / Kaolin nanocomposites with 4% Kaolin is 274.6%,tensile strength is 54.0 MPa,at the same time,the notched impact strength is 4.9 kJ/m2.S3C realizes synchronously pulverizing,dispersion and compounding of PVC with kaolin through 25 ～30 cycles pan milling.The strip flake of Kaolin particles with thickness less than 30 nanometer and the aspect ratio of 10 times disperses homogeneously in the PVC matrix.
参考文献
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