以[Zn(OH)_4]~(2-)为前驱体溶液,利用聚合物和表面活性剂的共同作用来控制纳米晶的生长,化学液相法合成了纳米ZnO 单晶.借助于X-射线衍射仪、透射电镜、紫外可见光谱分析仪等手段表征和探讨了氧化锌纳米晶的物相组成、显微结构和谱学特征.并讨论了反应时间、反应温度、反应物配比等因素对产物形态的影响以及水溶性聚合物和表面活性剂的添加对无机粒子的成核和晶体生长的影响.结果表明,所得产物物相为球形结构的颗粒状纳米氧化锌,直径约为50 nm,粒径分布均匀,样品在200～300 nm可见光区域内有强的紫外吸收峰.
ZnO nanopowders were prepared by chemical liquid-phase method with the water soluble polymer and the surfactant as additive in [Zn(OH)_4]~(2-) precursor solution. The character of spectroscopy and microstructure and phase composition were studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The influences of reaction time, reaction temperature, reactant ratios and so on were investigated. At the same time, the inorganic granule coring and the crystal growth effected by the water soluble polymer and the surfactant were discussed. Results show the ZnO nanopowder with the diameter of 50 nm has the structure of the good crystal state and well-defined crystallographic surfaces. The ZnO nanopowder have strong absorption in the UV region of 200～300 nm wavelength.
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