采用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射技术,分别研究了珠光体钢在冷拉拔过程中的组织结构和残余应力演化.随着拉拔应变量的增大,珠光体团逐渐转向拉拔方向.影响珠光体钢丝屈服应力和抗拉强度的关键因素是珠光体片层间距,它们之间满足Hall-Petch公式,通过拉伸试验求得其中k值为567.4 kN·m-3/2.钢丝残余应力的X射线衍射测量结果表明,随着应变量增加,钢丝的应力增大,这与拉拔过程中的加工硬化有关.
Microstructure and residual stress evolution of pearlitic steel during cold drawing was investigated by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction, respectively. With drawing strain increasing, the pearlitic colonies gradually aligned to the drawing direction. It was found that the key factor affecting the flow stress and ultimate tensile strength of drawing rods was the interlamellar spacing of pearlite, in which a Hall-Petch relationship with the parameter k of 567.4 kN·m-3/2 was established through tensile tests. The XRD results indicated that a work hardening mechanism was contributed to the increasing residual stress in the cold-drawn rods with increasing drawing strain.
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