采用熔融共混法分别制备了凹凸棒黏土质量分数为1％、3％和5％的纳米凹凸棒黏土(ATT)/聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料,研究了ATT对PLA结晶性能和热稳定性能的影响.结果表明,ATT与PLA基体具有较好的相容性,当ATT含量低于3％时,可以均匀的分散在PLA基体中,而达到5％时则会发生团聚.FTIR结果表明,ATT与PLA基体之间存在较强的相互作用.ATT可明显促进PLA的结晶,起到异相成核的作用.ATT纳米颗粒的添加引起了PLA冷结晶峰向低温方向移动,使冷结晶温度从114.4℃降低至103℃左右.含ATT体系结晶速率比纯PLA快,表明ATT的加入可以促进PLA的结晶,说明ATT是PLA有效的成核剂之一.添加ATT可明显加快PLA的结晶速率并减小球晶尺寸.当添加3％ATT时,ATT/PLA复合材料的热分解温度比纯PLA提高了11℃,这主要是由于ATT/PLA网络密度的提高,使ATT在PLA的降解过程中能够起到较好的阻隔作用,抑制了PLA的降解自加速过程.
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