清华大学核能研究院屏蔽实验反应堆池壳用A0纯铝制成,并于1964年对池壳进行了全部阳极氧化处理.至2001年,反应堆运行了37年,池壳表面仍然有一层发亮的氧化膜,与国内外同类型的未经阳极氧化处理的反应堆相比较,说明氧化膜极好地保护了池壳.该反应堆池壳容积大于50 m3.表面积达100 m2,把这样大的铝制设备在完全安装完毕后进行全部表面阳极氧化处理,在处理工艺上是很困难的.本文阐明了解决这些问题的方法.对A0纯铝在草酸中的阳极氧化做了许多实验,获得了A0纯铝在3%(w/%)草酸中的阳极氧化的基本规律,并确定了最终的工艺参数.包括氧化电流密度,氧化时间和电解液的温度.在铝池壳的阳极氧化过程中解决了许多关键的工艺:如大型工件阳极氧化工艺、氧化机制、性能;分层处理与薄膜密封技术;电源的选择;电解液的循环冷却;氧化膜的质量检测等.
A lot of experiments about the anodization of A0 pure aluminum in oxalic acid solution were carried out. The technology parameters were decided, including the anode current density, the oxidization time and the temperature of the electrolyte solution. During the anode oxidization of the pool shell, some special key technologies were solved, including the oxidization technology of large equipment, the technology of the treatment with layer by layer and sealing with thin plastic films, the selection of the power, the circular cooling of the electrolyte solution, etc. Treating the whole pool shell with such measures, the abilities of the corrosion-proof and protection were greatly improved. The nuclear reactor has run for 37 years (from 1964 to 2001), by now the oxidization film on the surface of the pool shell is still bright. It can confirm that treating of the whole pool shell is successful and necessary, which can provide the help and reference for building the same model nuclear reactors.
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