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通过选择不同烧结工艺,探索了热压烧结法制备NiTi-Si复合电极材料的结构演化及其对电性能的影响.结果表明,烧结过程的压缩率随热压烧结温度的升高而演化,可分为三个阶段:第一阶段未产生压缩变形,第二阶段由于Si的软化开始产生压缩变形,第三阶段NiTi也开始软化,压缩率显著增加.用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析每个阶段的相组成及微观结构,结果表明,热压烧结样品组成主要是Ni4Ti4 Si7三元金属间化合物及部分Ni3Ti3O、NiTi与Si,复合物致密度也随着烧结温度的提高而改善.选取一组具代表性的NiTi-Si复合材料作为电极制备成纽扣电池,充放电曲线结果表明,电池在循环初期出现明显比容量衰减,但电池循环次数明显高于传统集电体Si电极材料.分析认为,Ni4Ti4Si7三元金属间化合物中的Si不参与电化学反应,但是该化合物有助于弛豫充放电过程中电极体积变化导致的应变.

参考文献

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