我国每年产生大量的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛回收料(RPVB),对RPVB加以充分利用,不仅可降低生产成本,还能起到节能、环保和低碳等作用.本文将天然剑麻纤维经去蜡和碱处理后,用机械法将剑麻纤维微纤化,并制成剑麻微纤维(SMF)毡.以戊二醛(GTA)和硼砂(SB)对RPVB进行交联改性,用溶液浸渍法制备了SMF/改性RPVB复合材料.用SEM、FTIR、TG和力学性能测试表征了复合材料的结构与性能.结果表明:碱-机械处理可将直径为150～200 μm的天然剑麻纤维分离成直径为5～10 μm、长径比大于100的SMF;用GTA和SB对RPVB进行交联改性后,SMF/RPVB复合膜的断裂伸长率有所提高;RP VB与SMF间可形成良好的界面结合,但是,由于只有部分RPVB充分渗入纤维毡内部,导致复合材料的整体均匀性欠佳.由TG热重分析可知,SMF/RPVB复合材料的热稳定性介于RPVB与纯SMF之间.
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