采用三因素、三水平正交实验方法设计激光焊接试验参数,研究了离焦量、焊接功率和焊接速度对TRIP590钢接头组织性能的影响,以断后伸长率为标准,获得了最佳工艺参数为功率2500W,焊接速度67.7 mm/s,离焦量1 mm.结果表明,当离焦量为负值和零时接头焊缝区域硬度比离焦量为正值时高,此时马氏体的转变较充分,且热影响区马氏体和贝氏体组织较多,但焊接功率较大且焊接速度较低时接头焊缝的宽度无增大趋势,而在较低的焊接功率下,选择合适的离焦量会增大焊接热输入,进而促使焊缝硬度增加,马氏体的转变更加充分.
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