低温熔盐铝电解的研究进展

材料导报, 2009, 23(17): 13-18.

低温熔盐铝电解的研究进展

谢宏伟 ^1, , 王锦霞 ^2, , 翟玉春 ^3, , 廖先杰 ^4, , 李来时 ^5, , 李承德 ^6, , 陈堂平 ^7,

1.东北大学材料与冶金学院,沈阳,110004

2.东北大学理学院,沈阳,110004

3.东北大学材料与冶金学院,沈阳,110004

4.东北大学材料与冶金学院,沈阳,110004

5.沈阳铝镁设计研究院,沈阳,110001

6.东北大学材料与冶金学院,沈阳,110004

7.东北大学材料与冶金学院,沈阳,110004

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(50674026)

关键词：低温铝电解 , 氧化铝 , 铝盐 , 电解质 , 直接电化学还原

Research on Low Temperature Aluminium Electrolysis in Molten Salts

综述了低温熔盐铝电解的研究进展.根据原料,将低温铝电解的研究划分为以先获得铝离子及铝的络合离子,再进行电解的传统低温铝电解和将固态Al2O3在低温熔盐中直接电化学还原的新低温铝电解.分析了传统方法电解质组成的改变对电解质物理化学性质的影响.指出了传统低温铝电解氧化铝的溶解度小且溶解速度慢、电解质导电性差以及阴极结壳是实现低温铝电解所要解决的主要问题,分析了新电解方法的缺点和解决手段,提出了今后的研究方向.

参考文献

[1]	周卫铭,郭忠诚.铝电解惰性阳极材料的研究现状[J].冶金丛刊,2004(01):1-3.
[2]	J. Thonstad;S. Rolseth .Alternative electrolyte compositions for aluminium electrolysis[J].Transactions of the Institutions of Mining and Metallurgy, Section C. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy,2005(3):188-191.
[3]	Kan Hongmin.Liquidus temperature,density and electrical conductivity of low temperature electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis[A].,2007:531.
[4]	王兆文;石忠宁;高炳亮等.一种高电导率铝电解用低温电解质及其使用方法:中国[P].CN 200810228121.6,2009-03-18.
[5]	Grjotheim K et al.Physico-ehemical properties of lowmelting baths in aluminium electrolysis[J].Metallurgiya,1985,39(06):510.
[6]	任凤莲,李海斌,蔡震峰,游玉萍.铝电解质初晶温度测定装置及初晶点数模的研究[J].冶金分析,2005(03):9-12.
[7]	Solheim A.Liquidus temperature and alumina solubility in the system Na3AlF6-AlF3-LiF-CaF2-MgF2[A].,1995:451.
[8]	Foster P A et al.Phase diagram of a portion of the system Na3 AlF6-AlF3-Al2O3[J].American Ceramic Society of Bulletin,1975,58(07):288.
[9]	Skybakmoen E et al.Alumina solubility in molten salt systems of interest for aluminum electrolysis and related phase diagram data[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,1997,28B(01):81.
[10]	Hives J et al.Electrical conductivity of low-melting electrolytes for aluminium smelting[J].Electrochimica Acta,2004,49:5111.
[11]	Hives J et al.Electrical conductivity of molten cryolitebased mixtures obtained with tube-type cell made of pyrolytical boron nitride[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,1996,27B(04):255.
[12]	Rolseth S et al.Low temperature aluminum electrolysis in a high density electrolyte[J].Aluminum:Technology applications and Environment:A Profile of A Modern Metal,2005,81(05):448.
[13]	Rotum A.Phase diagram data in the system Na3AlF6-Li3AlF6-AlF3-Al2O3[A].Warrendale:Minerals,Metals & Materials Soc,1990:311.
[14]	Skybakmoen E.Phase diagram data in the system Na3AlF6-Li3AlF6-AlF3-Al2O3[A].Warrendale:Minerals,Metals & Materials Soc,1990:317.
[15]	Fellner P et al.Electrical conductivity of low melting baths for aluminium electrolysis:The system Na3AlF6-Li3AlF6AlF3 and the influence of additions of Al2O3 CaF2 and Mg,2[J].Appl Electroehem,1993,23:78.
[16]	Wang Jiawei.Temperature of primary crystallization in party of system Na3AlF6-K3AlF6-AlF3[A].Warrendale:Minerals,Metals & Materials Soc,2008:513.
[17]	Kryukovsky V A.Electrical conductivity of low melting cryolite melts[A].Warrendale:Minerals,Metals & Materials Soc,2006:409.
[18]	卢惠民 .一种低温电解生产铝的方法及其专用的铝电解槽[P].CN 200510011143.3,2005-09-28.
[19]	Sterten A.Some aspects of low-melting baths in aluminium electrolysis[A].Warrendale:Minerals,Metals & Materials Soc,1988:663.
[20]	Zhou C H et al.Phase diagram calculation of quai-binary system Na3AlF6-K3AlF6[J].Trans NF soc,1995,5(02):26.
[21]	Yang Jianhong.New opportunities for aluminum electrolysis with metal anodes in a low temperature electrolyte system[A].Warrendale:Minerals,Metals & Materials Soc,2004:321.
[22]	Yang Jianhong.Aluminum electrolysis tests with inert anodes in KF-AlF3-based electrolytes[A].Warrendale:Minerals,Metals & Materials Soc,2006:421.
[23]	Yang Jianhong.Alumina solubility in KF-AlF3-based low-temperature electrolyte system[A].Warrendale:Minerals,Metals & Materials Soc,2007:537.
[24]	Zaikov Y.Electrolysis of aluminum in the low melting electrolytes based on potassium cryolite[A].Warrendale:Minerals,Metals & Materials Soc,2008:505.
[25]	Russell A S .Developments in aluminium smelting[J].Aluminium,1981,57(06):405.
[26]	Gesenhues U et al.Vapour pressure and composition above mixed melts of alkali chlorides and aluminium chloride[J].Mass Spectrom Ion Phys,1983,47:251.
[27]	Karnavaram V et al.Aluminum extraction in ionic liquids at low temperature[J].Non-Ferrous Mater Extr Process,2006,97:108.
[28]	顾彦龙,石峰,邓友全.室温离子液体：一类新型的软介质和功能材料[J].科学通报,2004(06):515-521.
[29]	夏扬,王吉会,王茂范.铝合金电镀的研究进展[J].材料导报,2005(12):60-63.
[30]	Lu Huimin.Refining aluminum process in ionic liquids[A].Warrendale:Minerals,Metals & Materials Soc,2007:391.
[31]	Minh N Q.The electrolysis of aluminium sulphide in molten fluorides[A].Warrendale:Minerals,Metals & Materials Soc,1984:643.
[32]	Chen G Z et al.Direct electrochemical reduction of titanium dioxide to titanium in molten calcium chloride[J].NATURE,2000,407:361.
[33]	Jin Xianbo et al.Electrochemical preparation of silicon and its alloys from solid oxides in molten calcium chloride[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2004,43:733.
[34]	Gordo E et al.Toward optimisation of electrolytic reduction of solid chromium oxide to chromium powder in molten chloride salts[J].Electrochimica Acta,2004,49:2195.
[35]	Qiu G et al.Electrolytic synthesis of TbFe2 from Tb2O7 and Fe2O3 powders in molten CaCl2[J].Electroanalytical Chemistry,2006,589:139.
[36]	ZHU Yong,MA Meng,WANG Dihua,JIANG Kai,HU Xiaohong,JIN Xianbo,George Z. CHEN.Electrolytic reduction of mixed solid oxides in molten salts for energy efficient production of the TiNi alloy[J].科学通报（英文版）,2006(20):2535-2540.
[37]	Kar P et al.A shrinking core model for the electro-deoxidation of metal oxides in molten halide salts[J].Electrochimica Acta,2008,53:5260.
[38]	Li GM;Wang DH;Jin XB;Chen GZ .Electrolysis of solidMoS(2) in molten CaCl2 for Mo extraction without CO2 emission[J].Electrochemistry communications,2007(8):1951-1957.
[39]	Yu L;Sun H;He J;Wang D;Jin X;Hu M;Chen GZ .Electro-reduction of cuprous chloride powder to copper nanoparticles in an ionic liquid[J].Electrochemistry communications,2007(6):1374-1381.
[40]	D. J. Fray;G. Z. Chen .Reduction of titanium and other metal oxides using electrodeoxidation[J].Materials Science and Technology: MST: A publication of the Institute of Metals,2004(3):295-300.
[41]	Xie Hongwei et al.Direct electrochemical reduction mixture of Dy2O3-Fe for preparing DyFe2 alloy in molten CaCl2-NaCl[J].Rare Earths,2005,23:93.
[42]	C. Schwandt;D. T. L. Alexander;D. J. Fray .The electro-deoxidation of porous titanium dioxide precursors in molten calcium chloride under cathodic potential control[J].Electrochimica Acta,2009(14):3819-3829.
[43]	X. Y. Yan;D. J. Fray .Fused salt electrolytic reduction of solid oxides and oxide mixtures for green production of metals and alloys[J].Transactions of the Institutions of Mining and Metallurgy, Section C. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy,2007(1):17-24.
[44]	K.S. Mohandas;D.J. Fray .FFC CAMBRIDGE PROCESS AND REMOVAL OF OXYGEN FROM METAL-OXYGEN SYSTEMS BY MOLTEN SALT ELECTROLYSIS: AN OVERVIEW[J].Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals,2004(6):579-592.
[45]	翟玉春;谢宏伟;王伟等.一种低温熔盐电解制备铝及铝合金的方法[P].CN 1936085-A,2007-03-28.
[46]	Hongwei Xie,He Zhang,Yuchun Zhai,Jinxia Wang,Chengde Li.Al Preparation from Solid Al2O3 by Direct Electrochemical Deoxidation in Molten CaCl2-NaCl at 550℃[J].材料科学技术学报（英文版）,2009(04):459-461.
[47]	冯乃祥,彭建平.从铝电解生产新技术看我国与国际水平之差距[J].轻金属,2005(03):3-5.
[48]	冯乃祥,戚喜全,彭建平.1.35 kA TiB2/C阴极泄流式铝电解槽电解实验[J].中国有色金属学报,2005(12):2047-2053.

上一张下一张

计量

下载量()
访问量()

作者相关

文章评分

您的评分：
1

0%
2

0%
3

0%
4

0%
5

0%

材料期刊网

低温熔盐铝电解的研究进展

Research on Low Temperature Aluminium Electrolysis in Molten Salts

参考文献