研究了取样于汽车发动机缸体上的HT250灰铸铁的常温低周疲劳行为.对循环应力-应变和应变-疲劳寿命数据进行了分析,给出了该材料在常温下的疲劳参数.循环应力响应行为表明,HT250灰铸铁在较小应变幅下经历初期循环硬化、循环软化、断裂;而较大应变幅下几乎无硬化阶段,循环软化至断裂,原因在于循环形变过程中位错之间以及位错与石墨、夹杂物之间的相互作用.疲劳断口分析表明:疲劳裂纹萌生于片状石墨尖端,夹杂物及局部软点,且沿石墨扩展;疲劳断裂的方式是准解理脆断和沿晶断裂的复合机制,断口有解理面和二次裂纹,并存在韧性断裂特征;断口附近的气孔、夹杂等铸造缺陷较多,部分石墨片互相连接成网状,导致局部区域强度降低,促进失效.
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