本文选取近于MPB的组成Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3进行了研究.通过水热法合成了纯相钙钛矿型纳米晶锆钛酸铅(PZT)粉体.所用原料试剂为分析纯Pb(NO3)2、Zr(NO3)4·5H2O、Ti(OC4H9)4,NaOH作为矿化剂.原料试剂按Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3化学计量比混合放入50 mL内衬聚四氟乙烯的高压釜中,填充度为70%.高压釜在170～270℃之间选择一定温度加热2 h后在冰水中冷却到室温.前躯体及水热处理的粉体通过XRD和SEM进行表征.PZT相在220℃加热2 h开始出现.在270℃加热2 h合成了纯相钙钛矿型纳米晶PZT粉体.粉体的平均尺寸为25 nm.
PZT with a composition of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3,which is near the morphotropic phase boundary(MPB)was selected in the present study.Nano-sized lead zirconate titanate(PZT)powders were synthesized via hydrothermal synthesis rout.All starting materials are analytical grade and used without further purification.Stoichiometric amounts of lead nitrate[Pb(NO3)2],mineralizer.They were mixed and put into a Teflon-lined autoclave of 50 mL capacity filled up to 70% of its capacity.The autoclave was maintained at 170～270℃for 2 h.and then cooled to room temperature in icy water.The precursors and hydrothermal-treated powders were characterized by XRD and SEM.PZT phase started to form at a soaking temperature of as low as 220℃for 2 h.while phase-pure PZT powders were obtained at 270℃for 2 h.The PZT powder consists of single-phase perovskite nanocrystals with an average size of 25 nm.
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