将马氏体相变与强塑性变形工艺相耦合,开发了在马氏体形态下通过等通道角挤压强塑性变形工艺快速制备亚微米级中碳钢.研究表明:马氏体钢快速加热到923K并保温适当时间后进行等通道角挤压,在位错分割、动态再结晶、应变诱导相变的共同作用下,可使过饱和铁素体组织快速细化到0.5μm以内,同时应变诱导使过饱和的碳以碳化物的形式在晶内或晶界以质点的形态弥散析出.通过控制回火温度及时间,可得到最佳铁素体晶粒尺寸以及碳化物分布.试验表明,采用这种工艺制备出的中碳钢超细晶材料具有很高的热稳定性.
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