VO2是一种温感相变材料,在68℃左右它从低温半导体相向高温金属相转变,同时其光学和电学性质发生突变.通过掺杂可以调整VO2的相变温度,掺杂VO2在建筑用节能窗等方面有广阔的应用前景.综述了掺杂VO2粉体和掺杂VO2膜的制备方法和性能,讨论和分析了制备方法、掺杂工艺、基片选择与预处理、掺杂离子性质、复合掺杂离子种类对VO2结构和性能的影响.指出化合价大于V4+的掺杂剂能使VO2相变温度降低,化合价小于V4+的掺杂剂能使VO2相变温度升高,化合价等于V4+的掺杂剂,其离子半径大于V4+的能使VO2的相变温度降低,离子半径小于V4+的能使VO2的相变温度升高.提出了掺杂VO2研究中存在的问题,对掺杂VO2的研究趋势进行了展望.
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