采用液态金属冷却定向凝固技术制备了高铬Nb-Si金属间化合物基复合材料,分析了不同熔化温度和凝固速度下复合材料的相组成及组织特征.结果表明:Nb-22Ti-17Cr-16Si-2Al-2Hf(原子分数)合金相组成为Nbss、α-Nb5Si3、Laves相NbCr2和少量的(Nbss+Nb5Si3)共晶,定向凝固没有改变复合材料的相组成.熔化温度为1550℃时,Nbss相呈颗粒状,Nb5Si3相呈随机分布的块状或短板条状;随着熔化温度的提高,Nbss转变为枝晶状且沿轴向定向生长,Nb5Si3相转变为有一定定向效果的长板条状.随着凝固速度的增大,组织明显细化且定向效果增强,凝固速度为18 mm/min时,Nb5Si3呈定向效果良好的细长条状.
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