以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和NH3·H2O为原料,采用正滴法、反滴法和并流法制备了一系列ZnO粉体材料,应用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积(BET)对产物的结构与形貌进行了表征,探讨了形成机理,并测试了其光催化性能.研究结果表明,不同沉淀方法所得样品均为六方晶系纤锌矿结构,但产品的形貌及光催化活性有显著差异.其中,并流法制备的ZnO棒状微晶,比表面积最高,为32.31 m2/g;当亚甲基蓝溶液初始浓度为10mg/L、ZnO棒状微晶的投加量为1g/L时,经30 W紫外灯照射120 min后,亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率可达75.7％,ZnO棒状微晶光催化性能最好,可重复使用四次且保持较高的催化活性.NO3-的加入对降解反应影响不明显,SO42-和Cl对反应起抑制作用.适量H2O2可提高反应降解率,最佳用量为15 mL/L.
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