白酒糟是典型的富含纤维素生物质过程残渣,以水蒸气及CO2为活化剂研究了制备白酒糟多孔炭(活性炭)的各种操作条件,包括炭化温度、活化温度、活化剂流量对多孔炭样品性能的影响规律,证明了利用白酒糟制备多孔炭材料的技术可行性.基于SEM、XRD、N2吸附对材料表面和孔隙的表征,并结合制备过程气相产物的实时监测,解析了白酒糟多孔炭制备过程的活化反应历程.结果表明,低温炭化和高温活化有利于提高多孔炭对碘和亚甲基蓝的吸附,水蒸气比CO2具有更高的反应活性.制备多孔炭的比表面积和孔体积分别达到了371.6m2/g和0.34cm3/g,对应的碘和亚甲基蓝吸附值分别是580mg/g和90mg/g.同时揭示了活化反应中活化剂首先与炭化料的H、O官能团发生反应形成初级孔隙,进而和C物种反应形成石墨微晶的堆垛和层错,形成多孔结构.
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