基于Swartz and Shout的二次合成法,采用改进的两步法,部分原料预合成,一次烧结合成具有完全钙钛矿结构的75Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-10PbTiO3-15BaTiO3固溶体陶瓷.首先按75:10:15一次性称量PbO(并且PbO过量5mol%),然后与ZnNb2O6在660℃预反应1h.粉碎后再加入TiO2和BaCO3,充分混合后,在1060～1140℃保温2h烧结成陶瓷试样.XRD结果表明660℃预合成的中间相中没有钙钛矿相,不同于传统的预合成和烧结,改进的两步法工艺在烧结阶段陶瓷的成瓷和致密化同时进行,完成了中间相向钙钛矿相的完全转变.与二次合成法相比,本方法简化了工艺,降低了预合成温度,拓宽了烧结温度,所获得的陶瓷试样介电性能优良.对陶瓷试样进行相同条件的退火,在1100℃烧结的陶瓷试样,介电常数ε获得95%的增幅;在1140℃烧结的陶瓷试样介电常数ε则获得16%的降幅.
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