材料期刊网

对高炉-转炉钢铁生产流程造成的环境影响进行了系统、定量的分析。根据流程中各环节物质和能源的消耗量核算出生产过程排放的污染物清单，并根据特征化因子，估算出生产1万t钢材产生的环境影响。结果表明：炼钢和轧钢环节对气候变化的影响较小；烧结环节对酸化和光化学臭氧形成的影响较大；水体富营养化、人体毒性和水生生态毒性的影响几乎全部来源于焦化环节；固体废物主要为炼铁和炼钢过程产生的炉渣；煤气发电环节对气候变化的影响较大；从生命周期角度看，降低能源消耗量对降低高炉-转炉流程对环境的影响将起到双重作用。

Environmental impacts resulting from blast furnace-converter process were analyzed systematically and quantificationally. Through the amount of mineral and energy used in production process pollutant inventory of every production links was calculated and then environmental impacts were estimated based on characterization factors. Environmental impacts were expressed by functional unit of every 10,000t of rolled steel product. The results show that steel making and rolling influence climate change less than other production links and acidification and photochemical ozone formation resulting from sintering is dominant. Almost all the nutrient enrichment, human toxicity and aquatic ecological toxicity come from coking. Most of the solid waste is slag come from blast furnace and converter. The important impact brought by power generation with gas is climate change. In view of the life cycle, environmental impacts will fall down doubly if wastage of energy is reduced.