为了开发新型环境友好的天然缓蚀剂,采用索氏提取法提取马齿苋中的有效成分,采用失重法、动电位极化曲线和交流阻抗研究了不同浓度马齿苋提取液在1.0 mol/L盐酸溶液中对Q235碳钢的缓蚀作用及机理.结果表明:马齿苋提取液在盐酸介质中对碳钢具有良好的缓蚀效果,缓蚀效率随缓蚀剂浓度增大而升高,30℃下当提取液的浓度达到0.16 g/mL时,其缓蚀效率可达91％以上;随温度升高,马齿苋提取液对碳钢的缓蚀效率降低;马齿苋提取液是一种抑制阴阳极反应的混合型缓蚀剂,有效成分吸附在碳钢表面形成一层保护膜,吸附过程遵循Langmuir等温方程式,其在碳钢表面的吸附属于自发过程,是以化学吸附为主的物理和化学吸附共同作用的过程.
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