乙烯裂解炉管由于服役环境恶劣,长时间运行后容易产生破损需要进行修复,但在焊接修复时极易开裂,为了找出其易开裂的原因,本文用扫描电镜和金相显微镜观察分析了HP40Nb乙烯裂解炉管服役前后的组织性能变化,并通过热力学计算对试验结果进行分析,找出了焊接性能恶化的原因,并制定热处理工艺改善其焊接性.结果表明:长时间服役后,炉管析出相为M23C6 、M7C3和MC相,析出相严重长大粗化,沿晶界呈链状分布,使材料塑性几乎为0,这是导致焊接易开裂的主要原因;通过热处理改善碳化物的分布形态,可以有效提高旧管的塑性和焊接性;通过热力学计算得出,当基体中固溶的Cr质量分数大干10％时,为M23C6的析出过程,基体固溶的Cr质量分数小于10％时,为M7C3的析出过程.
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