采用力学性能测试、金相分析以及TEM微观结构分析，研究了淬火和回火冷却速度对X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1耐热钢力学性能的影响，并探讨了脆化机制，结果表明：在相同的回火工艺下，随淬火冷却速度的降低，强度降低，塑性变化不大，但冲击值增加，其主要原因是缓冷降低了马氏体基体的再结晶温度，导致基体的回复与再结晶程度增加；随回火冷却速度的降低，屈服强度略增加，抗拉强度、塑性变化不大，而冲击值下降，具有高温回火脆性的特征。
The effect of both quenching and tempering cooling rate on the mechanical properties of X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1 heat resistant steel, as well as the mechanism of embrittlement were investigated experimentally by means of optical micrograph, TEM and mechanical property tests. The result shows that strength reduces and ductility remained unchanged, but the impact toughness increases with the decreasing of the cooling rate during quenching at the same temper condition. The reason is that the recrystallization temperature of martensitic matrix is decreased due to the slow cooling during quenching, which results in the structural recovery and recrystallization. The yield strength increases, and both the ultimate strength and the ductility changes only a little, but the impact toughness decreases with the decreasing of the cooling rate during tempering, which has the characteristic of temper brittleness caused by tempering at high temperature.
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