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含裂纹构件的屈曲载荷是结构是否安全的判定准则之一,其计算与分析也是结构健康监测和安全评价中关注的重要问题.基于Euler-Bernoulli梁理论和Timoshenko梁理论,建立了一种求解含裂纹功能梯度材料梁的屈曲载荷计算方法.首先裂纹导致的构件截面转角不连续性由转动弹簧模型进行模拟,再根据功能梯度材料Euler-Bernoulli梁和Timoshenko梁的屈曲控制方程及其闭合解,由传递矩阵法建立了求解含裂纹功能梯度材料梁在多种边界条件下屈曲载荷的循环递推公式和特征行列式,使问题通过降阶的方法得到快速准确的解答.数值算例研究了剪切变形、裂纹的不同数目及位置、材料参数变化、长细比和不同边界约束条件等对含裂纹功能梯度材料梁屈曲载荷的影响.结果表明该方法可以简单、方便和准确地计算不同数目裂纹和任意边界条件下功能梯度材料梁的屈曲问题.

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